A Clock Work Orange essays

A Clock Work Orange essays This Stanley Kubrick film A Clock Work Orange is a multifaceted work of art with many different layers. One of the most prominent layers of this film is the one that relates to Behavior Modification. It shows quite colorfully the basic components of respondent conditioning such as; neutral stimulus (NS) unconditioned stimulus (US), unconditioned response (UR), conditioned stimulus (CS), and the conditioned response (CR). As well as higher order conditioning, discrimination and generalization. This movie expresses many of these aspects of behavior modification. Which is often portrayed in an obvious and over the top manner to prove a greater point. In doing so they have also illustrated some of the many misconceptions people have about behavior modification. In the beginning of this movie we are introduced to Alex, a young boy with a quick wit and a flare for Ultra Violence. The evil we see him indulged in before his "conditioning", starts with him and his gang maliciously beating an old homeless veteran and ends with him brutally killing a middle age well-to-do women. This last act of deviance lands him in jail and on the path to respondent conditioning. Respondent conditioning starts with the understanding that certain type of stimuli elicits a certain natural response. This is referred to as the US and the UR. In respondent conditioning we use these in conjunction with a neutral stimulus to get a CS and a CR. I will now identify the US, CS, UR, and CR as it pertains to the film. The behavior that was trying to be manipulated in this movie was Alexs evil tendencies towards sex and violence. The unconditioned stimulus the government used was the toxins they injected into Alex. This caused an unconditioned response of paralyzing nausea and dry heaving. They paired the dry heaving and nausea with videos of explicit violent sex scenes. There by making violence and sex the c ...

Free Essays on Reach Out And Touch Someone...Or Not

The issue of sexual harassment is not a new one. It has existed since the beginning of time; however, it has not gained notice until recently. In fact, women did not â€Å"start winning sexual harassment lawsuits until the mid 1970s† and the â€Å"first sexual harassment lawsuit to reach the Supreme Court was not decided until 1986† (Brown 43). The exact reasons for this phenomenon is not known but a better understanding of what sexual harassment encompasses can be gained by looking at the people it affects, defining what it is, when it occurs, where it happens, and why it does take place. To begin with, sexual harassment is â€Å"pervasive† occurring â€Å"in all social and economic classes† and that no person is immune (Stark 50). For example, Anita Hill, a Yale educated African American law professor, announced that she faced sexual harassment at the hands of Supreme Court judge nominee Clarence Thomas. In contrast to Hill’s higher socioeconomic status, Sheila Bensen, a 45 year old self employed Caucasian woman, was also a victim of sexual harassment (Benson 31). Nor does sexual harassment occur only among women contrary to popular belief (Schultz par.12). For example, in the Goluszek v. Smith case, a male â€Å"electronic maintenance mechanic† was belittled and cast out by his fellow workers. They â€Å"mocked him for not having a wife† and â€Å"used gender based images to assault his competence† (Schultz par. 13). Thus, it quite safe to say people of â€Å"all ages, classes, shapes, colors, and sizes† are possible targets of sexual harassment (Morris 32). What exactly is the definition of sexual harassment? The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission defines it according to the guidelines of â€Å"three basic forms: (1.) quid pro quid, (2.) retaliation, and (3.) hostile environment. ...Quid pro quid is Latin for ‘what for what’ â€Å" (Stark 55). It is typically â€Å"a situation where a supervisor penalizes a subor... Free Essays on Reach Out And Touch Someone...Or Not Free Essays on Reach Out And Touch Someone...Or Not The issue of sexual harassment is not a new one. It has existed since the beginning of time; however, it has not gained notice until recently. In fact, women did not â€Å"start winning sexual harassment lawsuits until the mid 1970s† and the â€Å"first sexual harassment lawsuit to reach the Supreme Court was not decided until 1986† (Brown 43). The exact reasons for this phenomenon is not known but a better understanding of what sexual harassment encompasses can be gained by looking at the people it affects, defining what it is, when it occurs, where it happens, and why it does take place. To begin with, sexual harassment is â€Å"pervasive† occurring â€Å"in all social and economic classes† and that no person is immune (Stark 50). For example, Anita Hill, a Yale educated African American law professor, announced that she faced sexual harassment at the hands of Supreme Court judge nominee Clarence Thomas. In contrast to Hill’s higher socioeconomic status, Sheila Bensen, a 45 year old self employed Caucasian woman, was also a victim of sexual harassment (Benson 31). Nor does sexual harassment occur only among women contrary to popular belief (Schultz par.12). For example, in the Goluszek v. Smith case, a male â€Å"electronic maintenance mechanic† was belittled and cast out by his fellow workers. They â€Å"mocked him for not having a wife† and â€Å"used gender based images to assault his competence† (Schultz par. 13). Thus, it quite safe to say people of â€Å"all ages, classes, shapes, colors, and sizes† are possible targets of sexual harassment (Morris 32). What exactly is the definition of sexual harassment? The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission defines it according to the guidelines of â€Å"three basic forms: (1.) quid pro quid, (2.) retaliation, and (3.) hostile environment. ...Quid pro quid is Latin for ‘what for what’ â€Å" (Stark 55). It is typically â€Å"a situation where a supervisor penalizes a subor...

John D. Rockefeller Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

John D. Rockefeller - Research Paper Example She also accommodated with her husband’s  philandering  and double life, which included  bigamy.     Young Rockefeller did his share of the regular household chores, and earned extra money raising turkeys, selling potatoes and candy, and eventually loaning small sums of money to neighbors. In spite of his father’s absences and frequent family moves, young Rockefeller was a polite, sober and diligent boy. His colleagues described him as reserved, serious, pious, logical, and prudent. He was a brilliant debater, and expressed himself appropriately. When he was a boy, his family moved to  Moravia, New York  and, in 1851, to  Owego, where he attended Owego Academy. In 1853, his family moved to Strongsville. Rockefeller attended Clevelands Central High School and then took a ten week business course at  Folsoms Commercial College  where he studied bookkeeping.   Rockefeller became member of the then-new  Republican Party, and a follower of  Abraham Lincoln  and the party’s  abolitionist  wing. A devout Baptist, Rockefeller turned his attention increasingly during the 1890s to charities and benevolence; after 1897 he devoted himself completely to philanthropy. He was a faithful congregant of the Erie Street Baptist Mission Church, where he taught Sunday school, and served as a trustee, clerk, and occasional janitor.  Religion was a main force all his life, and Rockefeller believed it to be the source of his success. In 1859, at age nineteen, he started his first company, Clark and Rockefeller. It was a joint venture with an Englishman, Clark. Clark did the outdoor tasks while Rockefeller controlled office management, bookkeeping, and relationships with bankers. The firm prospered during the Civil War. With the Pennsylvania oil strike in 1859 and the building of a railroad to Cleveland, they branched out into oil refining with Samuel Andrews, who had knowledge of the field. Within two years Rockefeller became senior partner; Clark was